Steel, which is an alloy of iron and carbon, is the most versatile and durable engineering and construction material on the market. Steel buildings used to be limited to storage facilities and aircraft hangers. Today, steel is successfully used for structures as small as toll booths, and as large as sports arenas, that require clear span space. The demand for steel buildings is on the rise, and there is a wide range of ongoing steel building construction projects.
Buildings made of steel offer a number of significant advantages that include: superior flexibility, strength, durability and a long lasting service life. These properties make steel a highly efficient material for industrial construction. Moreover, steel allows for a wide range of architectural applications, designs and space optimization that are not possible with other types of building materials. Another unique benefit to using steel in construction is the fact that it is one of the most sustainable building materials.
Optimizes Space
The demand for open space has been steadily growing, in both commercial and residential construction markets. Fewer columns make it easier to subdivide and customize commercial and living spaces, commanding a premium price and making it more attractive to prospective buyers.
Unlike other building materials, steel has a high strength to weight ratio that allows it to span large distances in a way that is aesthetically appealing and economical. This capability enables construction of large areas of unobstructed space in a single and multi-story buildings. Only steel can offer column grid spacing of 15 meters or more, and steel transfer girders can bridge two points to create column-free spaces by eliminating columns. Additionally, in single story buildings, rolled beams made of steel can provide clear spans of over 50 meters in length. This distance can be further increased to stretch more than 150 meters if trussed or lattice construction is used.
Durable, long lasting and safe
Some inherent properties of steel, and typical construction methods used in steel framing, make it a highly durable material. Steel is strong, lightweight and dimensionally stable. Further, steel is impermeable to termites, insects and rodents, and does not promote mold and mildew. Unlike other materials, steel will not expand, shrink, warp or twist with age. Consequently, it will not cause settlement cracks, floor squeaks and other issues that will require costly repairs.
Moreover, steel is an ideal choice for buildings in earthquake prone regions as it can actually withstand fierce & unpredictable forces of an earthquake. Building with steel will make a structure stable, it will behave in a predictable, none-brittle manner, and will offer superior protection against damage.
Flexibility
Existing buildings often need to go through some modifications in order to meet changing needs such as adding a staircase, or an elevator, raising or lowering the ceilings, and, or adding an additional space. Steel is ideal for such applications, because it is the only building material that allows the strength of a structure to be increased economically once it is built. For example, additional steel can be bolted, or welded to the existing steel framework, beams and girders can be reinforced, and supplemented with additional framing, or relocated to support heavier loads. Additionally, non-composite steel beams can be made composite with the existing floor slab. Cover plates may also be added to beams for increased strength. (British Constructional Steelwork Association) – www.steelconstruction.org
Faster speed of construction
Since structural steel is lighter than other framing materials it needs a smaller and simpler foundation. This translates into reduced cost and the time spent on construction. This is a very important feature of steel that can save both contractors and clients a lot of money. Fast speed of construction decreases financing costs and overhead expenses for construction management services. Additionally, fast completion of a space means that it can be occupied sooner, and the client can make more profit by renting out the space, offering services, or manufacturing products, etc.
Versatility in architectural design
Steel gives architects an unprecedented freedom to have their most challenging designs come to life. With steel, architects can add beauty and distinct style with enhancements such as curving and bending that would either be impossible, or too costly with other building materials. For example, segmented curves, or ones using steel beams bent to a certain radius, or both can create members that follow the outlines of irregular domes, facades, and arches.
Sustainable building material
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in environmental regulations in the construction industry, pushing for greater efficiency, utilization of green building materials and increased recycling of materials at the end of their service life. Steel is a truly sustainable building material because it is 100% recyclable. Some 60 million tons of scrap steel get recycled every year. This amount is more than paper, aluminum, glass and plastic combined.
Reduced construction cost
One of the biggest advantages of steel buildings is reduced construction cost. Given that a building fits parameters and limitations of what is appropriate for steel, prefabricated steel buildings are typically less expensive than custom-designed structures built using traditional construction methods.